Radioactivity
Radioactivity
Henry Becquerel discovered the phenomenon of radioactivity in 1896. Pierre Curie and Madame Curie discovered new elements Radium and Polonium
. It was found that Radium is
times more radioactive than Uranium.
A spontaneous and continuous disintegration of a nucleus of heavy element on its own with the emission of certain type of radiations is known as natural radioactivity.
Main features :
(a) All the elements having atomic number (Z) greater than 82 show radioactivity.
(b) In radioactivity, structure of nucleus gets changed. thus, transformation of element (radioactive) into another element takes place. This process continues till stable element is formed.
(c) During radioactivity unstable nucleus tends to disintegrate to achieve a stable stable state.
(d) Radioactivity of a given sample does not depend upon temperature, pressure or chemical reactions.
2. Nuclear Radiations.
(i) 
-particles.
These are helium nuclei of nuclear origin.
(a) - particles carry two units of positive charge.
(b) Mass of an - particle is approximately four time the mass of hydro gen atom.
(c) - particles produce heating effect when stopped.
Students / Parents Reviews [10]
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